#GIT
#Constipation approach :
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻেāĻে āύেā§া āĻāĻা constipation āĻāϰ criteria fulfill āĻāϰে āĻিāύা।
āĻāĻা āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে functional (80%)
→āĻ āύেāĻ āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা। fever,wt loss,anaemia,per rectal bleeding āύাāĻ
āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে organic cause(20%)
--features of obstruction,wt loss,anaemia,fever,per rectal bleeding āĻĨাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āϝāĻĻি functional āĻšā§ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে ঃ
Normal Transit constipation (IBS Type)
āĻāĻĻেāϰ defecation frequency normal. Dx criteria ↓
(āύিāĻে āĻāĻŦি āĻĻেā§া āĻāĻে)
Slow Transit constipation
(Young aged female, 5- 6 āĻĻিāύ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āϞেāĻ āĻšā§,
āĻā§āϞেāĻেāϰ āĻোāύ urge āĻĨাāĻে āύা, hard, dry stool)
Pelvic floor dyssynergia
(Straining āĻĨাāĻে,persistent urge āĻĨাāĻে, hard pillet shape stool,āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে manual evacuation āĻāϰāϤে āĻšā§)
Functional āĻুāϞাāĻে āĻিāĻাāĻŦে differentiate āĻāϰāĻŦ?
1 āĻা sign āĻāϰ 1āĻা symptom
Urge āĻেāĻŽāύ ঃ
Normal transit – normal urge
Slow transit – no urge(almost)
Pelvic floor dyssynergia- persistant urge
DRE:
āĻĒেāĻļেāύ্āĻ bear Down āĻāϰāϞে anal sphincter paradoxically contract āĻāϰāϞে৷৷৷ āĻāĻা pelvic floor dyssynergia
Secondaary āĻিāĻু causes :Hypothyroid, hypercalcemia, DM. Slow transit constipation āĻāϰ āύāϤ feature āύিā§ে āĻāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
#Management
IBS type constipation /Slow transit constipation
Non pharmacological: (Common for all)
Lifestyl change
Regular food habit
āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻĒাāύি,āĻļাāĻ āϏāĻŦāĻি(20-40g/day) āĻাāĻŦে
āϞাāĻāĻĢ style modifications, Wt loss āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
Gastro-colic reflex āĻে āĻাāĻে āϞাāĻাāĻŦে।
āĻাāĻŦাāϰেāϰ 20- 30āĻŽিāύিāĻ āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āϞেāĻে āĻŦāϏে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে 5- 10 āĻŽিāύিāĻ āϏāĻাāϞে āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϤে( mainly slow transit constipation āĻ āĻাāϞ benifit āĻĒাāĻā§া āϝাā§)
1 āĻŽাāϏ āĻĒāϰ if Not improved
→pharmacoloical treatment
synthetic bulk forming agent[Ispaghula husk(āĻুāϏি)৷ ]
āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻŦেāύ: āĻāĻ āĻ্āϞাāϏ āĻĒাāύিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে 1 sachet āĻুāϏি āĻŽিāĻļিā§ে āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻĨে āĻেā§ে āĻĢেāϞāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ্āώāύ āĻুāϏি āĻĒাāύিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻিāĻিā§ে āϰেāĻে āĻেāϞে āĻাāĻ āĻšāĻŦে āύা āϤেāĻŽāύ। āĻাāϰāύ āϏে already āĻĒাāύি absorb āĻāϰে āĻŦāϏে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে gut āĻ āĻিā§ে āĻāϰ āĻĒাāύি absorb āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে āύা।
→if not improved
Osmotic laxative (lactulose)
Syp.avolac 6tsf @night or 3/4 tsf tds
→If not improved
Cl channel activator (lubiprostone)- Gut āĻ āĻĒাāύি āϧāϰে āϰাāĻāĻŦে-stool āĻে soft āĻāϰāĻŦে
Tab.lubigut 24mcg 1+0+1
→if not improved
5HT4 agonist(Prucalopride) -Colon āĻāϰ motility āĻŦাā§াāĻŦে
tab.caloprid 1 or 2mg 0+0+1
āĻāĻ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāĻ āĻ। IBS type /slow transit type āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে।
→if not improved
In IBS variety constipation :
Tab.Duloxatine 30-60mg 0+0+1
Abdominal boating āĻĨাāĻāϞে:
Gluten free food(āĻŦেāĻাāϰি āĻাāĻŦে āύা)
Tab.Rifagut 600mg daily -14 days
In slow transit constipation :
Stimulant drug(Bisacodyl)
Tab.Duralax 5mg 0+0+1 āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻ āĻাāϞ āύা āĻšāϞে
tab.Neostigmine āĻāϰāĻĒāϰāĻ āĻাāϞ āύা āĻšāϞে surgery
In pelvic floor dyssynergia :
Biofeedback mechanism apply āĻāϰāĻŦে (āĻাāϞ outcome)
Constipation āϝāĻĻি secondary āĻোāύ cause āĻŦা obstructive pathology(stricture/mass lesion/fissure/harmirrhoid) āĻāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻšā§ ঃ
Management :Treatment of the cause
Digest medicine đ