#GIT


#Constipation approach :

āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻেāĻ–ে āĻ¨েā§Ÿা āĻāĻŸা constipation āĻāĻ° criteria fulfill āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ•িāĻ¨া।


āĻāĻŸা  āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে functional (80%)

→āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ• āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া। fever,wt loss,anaemia,per rectal bleeding  āĻ¨াāĻ‡

āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে organic cause(20%) 

--features of obstruction,wt loss,anaemia,fever,per rectal bleeding āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। 


āĻ¯āĻĻি functional āĻšā§Ÿ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে ঃ


Normal Transit constipation (IBS Type)

āĻāĻĻেāĻ° defecation frequency normal. Dx criteria ↓

(āĻ¨িāĻšে āĻ›āĻŦি   āĻĻেā§Ÿা āĻ†āĻ›ে)


Slow Transit constipation 

(Young aged female, 5- 6 āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛েāĻŸ āĻšā§Ÿ, 

āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛েāĻŸেāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ urge āĻĨাāĻ•ে āĻ¨া, hard, dry stool)


Pelvic floor dyssynergia

(Straining āĻĨাāĻ•ে,persistent urge āĻĨাāĻ•ে, hard pillet shape stool,āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে   manual evacuation āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§Ÿ)

Functional āĻ—ুāĻ˛াāĻ•ে āĻ•িāĻ­াāĻŦে differentiate āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ?

1 āĻŸা sign āĻ†āĻ° 1āĻŸা symptom 

Urge  āĻ•েāĻŽāĻ¨ ঃ 

Normal transit – normal urge

Slow transit – no urge(almost)

Pelvic floor dyssynergia- persistant urge


DRE:

āĻĒেāĻļেāĻ¨্āĻŸ  bear Down āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে anal sphincter paradoxically contract āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে৷৷৷  āĻāĻŸা pelvic floor dyssynergia 

Secondaary āĻ•িāĻ›ু causes :Hypothyroid, hypercalcemia, DM. Slow transit constipation āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ¤ feature āĻ¨িā§Ÿে āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। 

 


#Management 


IBS type constipation /Slow transit constipation 


Non pharmacological: (Common for all)

Lifestyl change 

Regular food habit

āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĒ্āĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻ¨ি,āĻļাāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŦāĻœি(20-40g/day) āĻ–াāĻŦে

āĻ˛াāĻ‡āĻĢ style modifications, Wt loss  āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে।

Gastro-colic reflex āĻ•ে āĻ•াāĻœে āĻ˛াāĻ—াāĻŦে। 

āĻ–াāĻŦাāĻ°েāĻ° 20- 30āĻŽিāĻ¨িāĻŸ āĻĒāĻ° āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛েāĻŸে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে 5- 10 āĻŽিāĻ¨িāĻŸ āĻ¸āĻ•াāĻ˛ে āĻāĻŦং āĻ°াāĻ¤ে( mainly slow transit constipation āĻ āĻ­াāĻ˛ benifit āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ¯াā§Ÿ) 


1 āĻŽাāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ° if Not improved 

→pharmacoloical treatment 


synthetic bulk forming agent[Ispaghula husk(āĻ­ুāĻ¸ি)৷  ]

āĻ•িāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ–াāĻŦেāĻ¨: āĻāĻ• āĻ—্āĻ˛াāĻ¸ āĻĒাāĻ¨িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে 1 sachet āĻ­ুāĻ¸ি āĻŽিāĻļিā§Ÿে āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ–েā§Ÿে āĻĢেāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে।  āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ¨ āĻ­ুāĻ¸ি āĻĒাāĻ¨িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ­িāĻœিā§Ÿে āĻ°েāĻ–ে āĻ–েāĻ˛ে āĻ•াāĻœ āĻšāĻŦে āĻ¨া āĻ¤েāĻŽāĻ¨। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¸ে already āĻĒাāĻ¨ি absorb āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে gut āĻ āĻ—িā§Ÿে āĻ†āĻ° āĻĒাāĻ¨ি absorb āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া।


→if not improved 

Osmotic laxative (lactulose)

Syp.avolac 6tsf @night or 3/4 tsf tds


→If not improved 

Cl channel activator (lubiprostone)- Gut āĻ āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ°াāĻ–āĻŦে-stool āĻ•ে soft āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে

Tab.lubigut 24mcg 1+0+1


→if not improved 

5HT4 agonist(Prucalopride) -Colon āĻāĻ° motility āĻŦাā§œাāĻŦে

tab.caloprid 1 or 2mg  0+0+1


āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ• āĻ‡। IBS type /slow transit type āĻāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে। 


→if not improved 


In IBS variety constipation :

Tab.Duloxatine 30-60mg 0+0+1


Abdominal boating āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ˛ে:

Gluten free food(āĻŦেāĻ•াāĻ°ি āĻ–াāĻŦে āĻ¨া)

Tab.Rifagut 600mg daily -14 days


In slow transit constipation :

Stimulant drug(Bisacodyl)

Tab.Duralax 5mg 0+0+1 āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ­াāĻ˛ āĻ¨া āĻšāĻ˛ে

tab.Neostigmine  āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°āĻ“ āĻ­াāĻ˛ āĻ¨া āĻšāĻ˛ে surgery















In pelvic floor dyssynergia :

Biofeedback mechanism apply  āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে (āĻ­াāĻ˛ outcome)


Constipation āĻ¯āĻĻি secondary āĻ•োāĻ¨ cause āĻŦা obstructive pathology(stricture/mass lesion/fissure/harmirrhoid) āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻšā§Ÿ  ঃ

Management :Treatment of the cause


Digest medicine 🍂

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