#GIT
#Constipation approach :
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻেāĻে āĻ¨েā§া āĻāĻা constipation āĻāĻ° criteria fulfill āĻāĻ°ে āĻিāĻ¨া।
āĻāĻা āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে functional (80%)
→āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া। fever,wt loss,anaemia,per rectal bleeding āĻ¨াāĻ
āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে organic cause(20%)
--features of obstruction,wt loss,anaemia,fever,per rectal bleeding āĻĨাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।
āĻ¯āĻĻি functional āĻšā§ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে ঃ
Normal Transit constipation (IBS Type)
āĻāĻĻেāĻ° defecation frequency normal. Dx criteria ↓
(āĻ¨িāĻে āĻāĻŦি āĻĻেā§া āĻāĻে)
Slow Transit constipation
(Young aged female, 5- 6 āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻā§āĻ˛েāĻ āĻšā§,
āĻā§āĻ˛েāĻেāĻ° āĻোāĻ¨ urge āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¨া, hard, dry stool)
Pelvic floor dyssynergia
(Straining āĻĨাāĻে,persistent urge āĻĨাāĻে, hard pillet shape stool,āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে manual evacuation āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§)
Functional āĻুāĻ˛াāĻে āĻিāĻাāĻŦে differentiate āĻāĻ°āĻŦ?
1 āĻা sign āĻāĻ° 1āĻা symptom
Urge āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ ঃ
Normal transit – normal urge
Slow transit – no urge(almost)
Pelvic floor dyssynergia- persistant urge
DRE:
āĻĒেāĻļেāĻ¨্āĻ bear Down āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে anal sphincter paradoxically contract āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে৷৷৷ āĻāĻা pelvic floor dyssynergia
Secondaary āĻিāĻু causes :Hypothyroid, hypercalcemia, DM. Slow transit constipation āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ¤ feature āĻ¨িā§ে āĻāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।
#Management
IBS type constipation /Slow transit constipation
Non pharmacological: (Common for all)
Lifestyl change
Regular food habit
āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĒ্āĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻ¨ি,āĻļাāĻ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻি(20-40g/day) āĻাāĻŦে
āĻ˛াāĻāĻĢ style modifications, Wt loss āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে।
Gastro-colic reflex āĻে āĻাāĻে āĻ˛াāĻাāĻŦে।
āĻাāĻŦাāĻ°েāĻ° 20- 30āĻŽিāĻ¨িāĻ āĻĒāĻ° āĻā§āĻ˛েāĻে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে 5- 10 āĻŽিāĻ¨িāĻ āĻ¸āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻāĻŦং āĻ°াāĻ¤ে( mainly slow transit constipation āĻ āĻাāĻ˛ benifit āĻĒাāĻā§া āĻ¯াā§)
1 āĻŽাāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ° if Not improved
→pharmacoloical treatment
synthetic bulk forming agent[Ispaghula husk(āĻুāĻ¸ি)৷ ]
āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻŦেāĻ¨: āĻāĻ āĻ্āĻ˛াāĻ¸ āĻĒাāĻ¨িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে 1 sachet āĻুāĻ¸ি āĻŽিāĻļিā§ে āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻেā§ে āĻĢেāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ্āĻˇāĻ¨ āĻুāĻ¸ি āĻĒাāĻ¨িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻিāĻিā§ে āĻ°েāĻে āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻাāĻ āĻšāĻŦে āĻ¨া āĻ¤েāĻŽāĻ¨। āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¸ে already āĻĒাāĻ¨ি absorb āĻāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে gut āĻ āĻিā§ে āĻāĻ° āĻĒাāĻ¨ি absorb āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া।
→if not improved
Osmotic laxative (lactulose)
Syp.avolac 6tsf @night or 3/4 tsf tds
→If not improved
Cl channel activator (lubiprostone)- Gut āĻ āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ°াāĻāĻŦে-stool āĻে soft āĻāĻ°āĻŦে
Tab.lubigut 24mcg 1+0+1
→if not improved
5HT4 agonist(Prucalopride) -Colon āĻāĻ° motility āĻŦাā§াāĻŦে
tab.caloprid 1 or 2mg 0+0+1
āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ āĻ। IBS type /slow transit type āĻāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে।
→if not improved
In IBS variety constipation :
Tab.Duloxatine 30-60mg 0+0+1
Abdominal boating āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে:
Gluten free food(āĻŦেāĻাāĻ°ি āĻাāĻŦে āĻ¨া)
Tab.Rifagut 600mg daily -14 days
In slow transit constipation :
Stimulant drug(Bisacodyl)
Tab.Duralax 5mg 0+0+1 āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻ¨া āĻšāĻ˛ে
tab.Neostigmine āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°āĻ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻ¨া āĻšāĻ˛ে surgery
In pelvic floor dyssynergia :
Biofeedback mechanism apply āĻāĻ°āĻŦে (āĻাāĻ˛ outcome)
Constipation āĻ¯āĻĻি secondary āĻোāĻ¨ cause āĻŦা obstructive pathology(stricture/mass lesion/fissure/harmirrhoid) āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻšā§ ঃ
Management :Treatment of the cause
Digest medicine đ