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 #GIT


#Constipation approach :

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻĻā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡ā§ŸāĻž āĻāĻŸāĻž constipation āĻāĻ° criteria fulfill āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤


āĻāĻŸāĻž  āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ functional (80%)

→āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĨ¤ fever,wt loss,anaemia,per rectal bleeding  āĻ¨āĻžāĻ‡

āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ organic cause(20%) 

--features of obstruction,wt loss,anaemia,fever,per rectal bleeding āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ 


āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ functional āĻšā§Ÿ āĻšāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻƒ


Normal Transit constipation (IBS Type)

āĻāĻĻā§‡āĻ° defecation frequency normal. Dx criteria ↓

(āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ   āĻĻā§‡ā§ŸāĻž āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡)


Slow Transit constipation 

(Young aged female, 5- 6 āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻšā§Ÿ, 

āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ urge āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž, hard, dry stool)


Pelvic floor dyssynergia

(Straining āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡,persistent urge āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡, hard pillet shape stool,āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻā§‡   manual evacuation āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšā§Ÿ)

Functional āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ differentiate āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦ?

1 āĻŸāĻž sign āĻ†āĻ° 1āĻŸāĻž symptom 

Urge  āĻ•ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻƒ 

Normal transit – normal urge

Slow transit – no urge(almost)

Pelvic floor dyssynergia- persistant urge


DRE:

āĻĒā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸ  bear Down āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡ anal sphincter paradoxically contract āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡ā§ˇā§ˇā§ˇ  āĻāĻŸāĻž pelvic floor dyssynergia 

Secondaary āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ causes :Hypothyroid, hypercalcemia, DM. Slow transit constipation āĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻ¤ feature āĻ¨āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ 

 


#Management 


IBS type constipation /Slow transit constipation 


Non pharmacological: (Common for all)

Lifestyl change 

Regular food habit

āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ,āĻļāĻžāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŦāĻœāĻŋ(20-40g/day) āĻ–āĻžāĻŦā§‡

āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻĢ style modifications, Wt loss  āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤

Gastro-colic reflex āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ 

āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° 20- 30āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸ āĻĒāĻ° āĻŸā§ŸāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŦā§‡ 5- 10 āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŸ āĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§‡( mainly slow transit constipation āĻ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ benifit āĻĒāĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§Ÿ) 


1 āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ° if Not improved 

→pharmacoloical treatment 


synthetic bulk forming agent[Ispaghula husk(āĻ­ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ)ā§ˇ  ]

āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻ¨: āĻāĻ• āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ 1 sachet āĻ­ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ–ā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤  āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¨ āĻ­ā§āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ­āĻŋāĻœāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ°ā§‡āĻ–ā§‡ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¤ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§‡ already āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ absorb āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŦā§‡ gut āĻ āĻ—āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ†āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ absorb āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤


→if not improved 

Osmotic laxative (lactulose)

Syp.avolac 6tsf @night or 3/4 tsf tds


→If not improved 

Cl channel activator (lubiprostone)- Gut āĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ–āĻŦā§‡-stool āĻ•ā§‡ soft āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡

Tab.lubigut 24mcg 1+0+1


→if not improved 

5HT4 agonist(Prucalopride) -Colon āĻāĻ° motility āĻŦāĻžā§œāĻžāĻŦā§‡

tab.caloprid 1 or 2mg  0+0+1


āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ• āĻ‡āĨ¤ IBS type /slow transit type āĻāĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ 


→if not improved 


In IBS variety constipation :

Tab.Duloxatine 30-60mg 0+0+1


Abdominal boating āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ˛ā§‡:

Gluten free food(āĻŦā§‡āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž)

Tab.Rifagut 600mg daily -14 days


In slow transit constipation :

Stimulant drug(Bisacodyl)

Tab.Duralax 5mg 0+0+1 āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡

tab.Neostigmine  āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°āĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ surgery















In pelvic floor dyssynergia :

Biofeedback mechanism apply  āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‡ (āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ outcome)


Constipation āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ secondary āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ cause āĻŦāĻž obstructive pathology(stricture/mass lesion/fissure/harmirrhoid) āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻšā§Ÿ  āĻƒ

Management :Treatment of the cause


Digest medicine 🍂

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