#GIT


#Constipation approach :

āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻেāĻ–ে āύে⧟া āĻāϟা constipation āĻāϰ criteria fulfill āĻ•āϰে āĻ•িāύা।


āĻāϟা  āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে functional (80%)

→āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা। fever,wt loss,anaemia,per rectal bleeding  āύাāχ

āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে organic cause(20%) 

--features of obstruction,wt loss,anaemia,fever,per rectal bleeding āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰে। 


āϝāĻĻি functional āĻšā§Ÿ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে ঃ


Normal Transit constipation (IBS Type)

āĻāĻĻেāϰ defecation frequency normal. Dx criteria ↓

(āύিāϚে āĻ›āĻŦি   āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে)


Slow Transit constipation 

(Young aged female, 5- 6 āĻĻিāύ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϟ⧟āϞেāϟ āĻšā§Ÿ, 

āϟ⧟āϞেāϟেāϰ āĻ•োāύ urge āĻĨাāĻ•ে āύা, hard, dry stool)


Pelvic floor dyssynergia

(Straining āĻĨাāĻ•ে,persistent urge āĻĨাāĻ•ে, hard pillet shape stool,āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে   manual evacuation āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ)

Functional āĻ—ুāϞাāĻ•ে āĻ•িāĻ­াāĻŦে differentiate āĻ•āϰāĻŦ?

1 āϟা sign āφāϰ 1āϟা symptom 

Urge  āĻ•েāĻŽāύ ঃ 

Normal transit – normal urge

Slow transit – no urge(almost)

Pelvic floor dyssynergia- persistant urge


DRE:

āĻĒেāĻļেāύ্āϟ  bear Down āĻ•āϰāϞে anal sphincter paradoxically contract āĻ•āϰāϞে৷৷৷  āĻāϟা pelvic floor dyssynergia 

Secondaary āĻ•িāĻ›ু causes :Hypothyroid, hypercalcemia, DM. Slow transit constipation āĻāϰ āύāϤ feature āύি⧟ে āφāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। 

 


#Management 


IBS type constipation /Slow transit constipation 


Non pharmacological: (Common for all)

Lifestyl change 

Regular food habit

āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻĒাāύি,āĻļাāĻ• āϏāĻŦāϜি(20-40g/day) āĻ–াāĻŦে

āϞাāχāĻĢ style modifications, Wt loss  āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।

Gastro-colic reflex āĻ•ে āĻ•াāϜে āϞাāĻ—াāĻŦে। 

āĻ–াāĻŦাāϰেāϰ 20- 30āĻŽিāύিāϟ āĻĒāϰ āϟ⧟āϞেāϟে āĻŦāϏে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে 5- 10 āĻŽিāύিāϟ āϏāĻ•াāϞে āĻāĻŦং āϰাāϤে( mainly slow transit constipation āĻ āĻ­াāϞ benifit āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āϝা⧟) 


1 āĻŽাāϏ āĻĒāϰ if Not improved 

→pharmacoloical treatment 


synthetic bulk forming agent[Ispaghula husk(āĻ­ুāϏি)৷  ]

āĻ•িāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ–াāĻŦেāύ: āĻāĻ• āĻ—্āϞাāϏ āĻĒাāύিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে 1 sachet āĻ­ুāϏি āĻŽিāĻļি⧟ে āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻĨে āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻĢেāϞāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।  āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ•্āώāύ āĻ­ুāϏি āĻĒাāύিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻ­িāϜি⧟ে āϰেāĻ–ে āĻ–েāϞে āĻ•াāϜ āĻšāĻŦে āύা āϤেāĻŽāύ। āĻ•াāϰāύ āϏে already āĻĒাāύি absorb āĻ•āϰে āĻŦāϏে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে gut āĻ āĻ—ি⧟ে āφāϰ āĻĒাāύি absorb āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে āύা।


→if not improved 

Osmotic laxative (lactulose)

Syp.avolac 6tsf @night or 3/4 tsf tds


→If not improved 

Cl channel activator (lubiprostone)- Gut āĻ āĻĒাāύি āϧāϰে āϰাāĻ–āĻŦে-stool āĻ•ে soft āĻ•āϰāĻŦে

Tab.lubigut 24mcg 1+0+1


→if not improved 

5HT4 agonist(Prucalopride) -Colon āĻāϰ motility āĻŦা⧜াāĻŦে

tab.caloprid 1 or 2mg  0+0+1


āĻāχ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāĻ• āχ। IBS type /slow transit type āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে। 


→if not improved 


In IBS variety constipation :

Tab.Duloxatine 30-60mg 0+0+1


Abdominal boating āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে:

Gluten free food(āĻŦেāĻ•াāϰি āĻ–াāĻŦে āύা)

Tab.Rifagut 600mg daily -14 days


In slow transit constipation :

Stimulant drug(Bisacodyl)

Tab.Duralax 5mg 0+0+1 āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻ“ āĻ­াāϞ āύা āĻšāϞে

tab.Neostigmine  āĻāϰāĻĒāϰāĻ“ āĻ­াāϞ āύা āĻšāϞে surgery















In pelvic floor dyssynergia :

Biofeedback mechanism apply  āĻ•āϰāĻŦে (āĻ­াāϞ outcome)


Constipation āϝāĻĻি secondary āĻ•োāύ cause āĻŦা obstructive pathology(stricture/mass lesion/fissure/harmirrhoid) āĻāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻšā§Ÿ  ঃ

Management :Treatment of the cause


Digest medicine 🍂

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